01 - A Review of Updates on Vaccines and Treatment Options for Covid-19
http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).0110.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).01 Published : Dec 2021
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The novel Coronavirus knew as Covid 19 or SARS-CoV-2, is a newly discovered virus responsible for the huge global pandemic infecting the human race at a deadly pace. This is an RNA enveloped virus that targets the human respiratory system severely while damaging other major systems. Covid 19 pandemic is similar to the severe acute respiratory syndrome related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) endemic and the... Details
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Covid-19, SARS-CoV-2, Treatment Methods, Current Management
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(1) Naiha Tahir
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Ayema Rehman
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Muhammad Zain
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
02 - Management of COVID-19 in Different Countries
http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).0210.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).02 Published : Dec 2021
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Covid-19 is a category B type infection, but it has created a serious threat across the globe because the pandemic spread more quickly than any other in history. Before the spring festival, the epidemic in China just begun. Different measures, including mobilization of health care workers, building new hospitals and imposing the lockdown, were undertaken to minimize the spread. In South Korea, the... Details
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Management Strategy, Flattening the Curve, Raise the Line, Containment Strategy, Lockdown Implementation, Socioeconomic Aspects
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(1) Aiman Noor Haideri
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Amber Sani
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Aymen Azhar
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
03 - A Review on the Continually Occurring Mutations in COVID-19
http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).0310.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).03 Published : Dec 2021
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The emerging pandemic situation has created unease and dismay at every level, from governing bodies to population and from pharmaceutical manufacturers to front-line servers. Everyone is scarified by the death-dealing and ruinous effects of COVID-19. The encouraging and positive news about vaccine development and successful trials of vaccine proved to be remedial, but another dilemma arises in the... Details
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COVID-19, Mutated Strain, Vaccine Development
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(1) Arfa Tehzeeb
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Maham Asif
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Raisa Iqbal
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
04 - Risk Factors and Management of Bacterial Meningitis
http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).0410.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).04 Published : Dec 2021
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Meningitis is the infection of the spinal cord and brain. Bacterial meningitis is a great public health concern, especially in immunocompromised patients and children, particularly in underdeveloped counties. There are various types of bacterial meningitis (pneumococcal, meningococcal, listeria monocytogenes, neonatal, Hemophilus) having different rates of incidences and etiological agents. It occ... Details
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Meningitis, S. Pneumoniae, HIV, Serotype
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(1) Mahnoor Khan
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) Maham Jahangir
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Khadija Ahmadi
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid-e-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan.
05 - Hepatocellular Carcinoma: From Epidemiology to Advancement in Treatment
http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).0510.31703/giidr.2021(VI-II).05 Published : Dec 2021
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Hepatocellular carcinoma is a heterogenous malignant tumor that is known as the deadliest cancer worldwide due to its complexities. Most of the time, it occurs with underlying liver complications, including cirrhosis. The most predominant risk factors in HCC development are cirrhosis and chronic Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Its complexities pose multiple challenges in diagnostic and therapeu... Details
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Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Epidemiology, Risks, Staging Systems, Treatment
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(1) Amber Sani
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(2) M. Khalil-ur-Rehman
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(3) Aqsa Saleem Raza
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Biological Sciences, Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Volume X, Issue II (Spring 2025) 
Volume X, Issue I (Winter 2025) 
Volume IX, Issue III (Summer 2024) 
Volume IX, Issue II (Spring 2024) 
Volume IX, Issue I (Winter 2024) 
Volume VIII, Issue I (Fall 2023) 
Volume VII, Issue I (Fall 2022) 
Volume VI, Issue II (Fall 2021) 
Volume V, Issue I (Fall 2020) 
Volume IV, Issue I (Fall 2019) 
Volume III, Issue I (Fall 2018) 
Volume II, Issue I (Fall 2017) 
Volume I, Issue I (Fall 2016)