ARTICLE

MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION OF HOSPITAL AND LIVESTOCK ASSOCIATED METHICILLIN RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS MRSA

  1. HOME
  2. ARTICLE

04 Pages : 29-38

http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2024(IX-III).04      10.31703/giidr.2024(IX-III).04      Published : Sep 2024

Molecular Characterization of Hospital and Livestock Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Abstract

    Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or MRSA is a major public health concern because of its resistance to antibiotics, and its pathogenicity to human beings as well as animals. The aim of this study is to determine the frequency and the molecular characteristics of MRSA in hospital, community, and livestock settings. Specimens were obtained from a variety of settings such as patients, healthcare personnel, livestock, and the environment. In order to demonstrate the strains, the molecular typing techniques were used. The studies show that in hospital settings there are still high rates of MRSA infection including certain types such as ST 239 while outside the health facility, CA-MRSA is on the rise with frequent strain being the USA300. Farm animals were found to be carriers of livestock-associated MRSA especially the CC398 strain, showing the zoonotic risk of MRSA.

    MRSA, Antimicrobial Resistance, Molecular Typing, Zoonotic Transmission, Healthcare-Associated Infections, CA-MRSA, HA-MRSA, LA-MRSA

    (1) Nida Khanim
    Mphil Scholar, Department of Microbiology, Abbottabad University of Science and Technology, Abbottabad, KP, Pakistan.
    (2) Shagufta Muhammad Hanif
    Mphil Scholar, Department of Biochemistry, Federal Urdu University Arts and Science Technology, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan.
    (3) Amina Siddiqua
    Mphil Scholar, Department of Zoology, University of Sialkot, Punjab, Pakistan.
    (4) Kashf Tanveer
    Mphil Scholar, Department of Biotechnology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, KP, Pakistan.
    (5) Fakhra Bashir
    M.Phil Scholar, Affiliation Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Punjab Pakistan.
Fulltext PDF

References

  • Afroz, S., Kobayashi, N., Nagashima, S., Alam, M. M., Hussain, A. B. M. B., Raha

  • Arora, S., Devi, P., Arora, U., & Devi, B. (2010). Prevalence of methicillin

  • Ayliffe, G. A. J. (1997). The Progressive Intercontinental Spread of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 24(Supplement_1), S74–S79.

  • Burke, S. L., & Rose, W. E. (2014). New pharmacological treatments for methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusinfections. Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, 15(4), 483–491.

  • Cheng, A. G., McAdow, M., Kim, H. K., Bae, T., Missiakas, D. M., & Schneewind, O. (2010). Contribution of Coagulases towards Staphylococcus aureus Disease and Protective Immunity. PLoS Pathogens, 6(8), e1001036.

  • Cimolai, N. (2006). Community-acquired MRSA infection: An emerging trend. British Columbia Medical Journal, 48(3), 116-120.

  • Dancer, S. J. (2007). Importance of the environment in meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus acquisition: the case for hospital cleaning. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 8(2), 101–113.

  • De Boer, E., Zwartkruis-Nahuis, J., Wit, B., Huijsdens, X., De Neeling, A., Bosch, T., Van Oosterom, R., Vila, A., & Heuvelink, A. (2008). Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in meat. International Journal of

  • Egea, A. L., Gagetti, P., Lamberghini, R., Faccone, D., Lucero, C., Vindel, A., Tosoroni, D., Garnero, A., Saka, H. A., Galas, M., Bocco, J. L., Corso, A., & Sola, C. (2014). New patterns of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureu

  • Elimam, M. A. E., Rehan, S., Elmekki, M. A., & Elhassan, M. M. (2014). Emergence of vancomycin-resistant and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in patients with different clinical manifestations in Khartoum State, Sud

  • Ernst, J. (2012). Managing CA-MRSA. Dermatology, 20(3).

  • European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). (2007). Report of the task force on zoonoses data collection including a proposal for technical specifications for a baseline survey on the prevalence of methicillin-resistant

  • Gehanno, J., Louvel, A., Nouvellon, M., Caillard, J., & Pestel-Caron, M. (2009). Aerial dispersal of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in hospital rooms by infected or colonised patients. Journal of Hospital Infection

  • Gonsu KH, Kouemo SL, Toukam M, Ndze VN,Koulla SS (2013). Nasal carriage of methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus and its antibiotic susceptibility pattern in adult hospitalized patients and medical staff in some hospitals in Camero

  • Hamed, D. M., & Youssef, A. I. (2013). Clinical Features of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) Infection in Rabbits and its Zoonotic Potentials. Pakistan Journal of Nutrition, 12(3), 244–249.

  • Hu, C. J., Fang, R. H., Luk, B. T., & Zhang, L. (2013). Nanoparticle-detained toxins for safe and effective vaccination. Nature Nanotechnology, 8(12), 933–938.

  • Karmi, M. (2013b). Prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in poultry meat in Qena, Egypt. Veterinary World, 6(10), 711–715.

  • Klotz, M., Zimmermann, S., Opper, S., Heeg, K., & Mutters, R. (2005). Possible risk for re-colonization with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) by faecal transmission. International Journal of Hygiene and Environme

  • Loeffler, A., Kearns, A., Ellington, M., Smith, L., Unt, V., Lindsay, J., Pfeiffer, D., & Lloyd, D. (2009). First isolation of MRSA ST398 from UK animals: a new challenge for infection control teams? Journal of Hospital Infection<

  • McKenna, M. (2014). Man vs. MRSA. Nature, 482(7383), 23-25.

  • Russell, C. D. (2012). Staphylococcus vaccination and MRSA. The Lancet Infe

  • Schulz, J., Friese, A., Klees, S., Tenhagen, B. A., Fetsch, A., Rösler, U., & Hartung, J. (2012). Longitudinal Study of the Contamination of Air and of Soil Surfaces in the Vicinity of Pig Barns by Livestock-Associated Methicillin-Re

  • Soliman, M. K., Ellakany, H. F., Gaafar, A. Y., Elbialy, A. K., Zaki, M. S., & Younes, A. M. (2014). Epidemiology and antimicrobial activity of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolated from Nile tilapia (

  • Stefani, S., Chung, D. R., Lindsay, J. A., Friedrich, A. W., Kearns, A. M., Westh, H., & MacKenzie, F. M. (2012). Meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA): global epidemiology and harmonisation of typing methods. Internat

  • Stegger, M., Wirth, T., Andersen, P. S., Skov, R. L., De Grassi, A., Simões, P. M., Tristan, A., Petersen, A., Aziz, M., Kiil, K., Cirković, I., Udo, E. E., Del Campo, R., Vuopio-Varkila, J., Ahmad, N., Tokajian, S., Peters, G., Schaumbu

  • Stein, R. A. (2008). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus—the new zoonosis. International Journal of Infectious Diseases, 13(3), 299–301.

  • Umaru, G. A., Kabiru, J., Adamu, N. B., & Umar, Y. A. (2011). A review of em

  • Van den Broek, I. V., van Cleef, B. A., Haenen, A., Broens, E. M., van der Wolf, P. J., van den Broek, M. J., Huijsdens, X. W., Kluytmans, J. A., van de Giessen, A. W., & Tiemersma, E. W. (2008). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococc

  • Verkade, E., & Kluytmans, J. (2013). Livestock-associated Staphylococcus aureus CC398: Animal reservoirs and human infections. Infection Genetics and Evolution, 21, 523–530.

  • Vincze, S., Stamm, I., Kopp, P. A., Hermes, J., Adlhoch, C., Semmler, T., Wieler, L. H., Lübke-Becker, A., & Walther, B. (2014). Alarming Proportions of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Wound Samples from Compani

  • Voss, A., Loeffen, F., Bakker, J., Klaassen, C., & Wulf, M. (2005). Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin Pig Farming. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 11(12), 1965–1966.

  • Walther, B., Wieler, L. H., Vincze, S., Antão, E., Brandenburg, A., Stamm, I., Kopp, P. A., Kohn, B., Semmler, T., & Lübke-Becker, A. (2012). MRSA variant in companion animals. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 18(12), 2017

  • Wardyn, S. E., Kauffman, L. K., & Smith, T. C. (2012). Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in Central Iowa Wildlife. Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 48(4), 1069–1073.

  • Weese, J., Archambault, M., Dick, H., Hearn, P., Kreiswirth, B., Said-Salim, B., McGeer, A., Likhoshvay, Y., Prescott, J., & Low, D. (2005). Methicillin-resistantStaphylococcus aureusin Horses and Horse Personnel, 2000–2002. Emerging Infectious Diseases, 11(3), 430–435.

Cite this article

APA

    APA : Khanim, N., Hanif, S. M., & Siddiqua, A. (2024). Molecular Characterization of Hospital and Livestock Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX(III), 29-38. https://doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2024(IX-III).04

CHICAGO

    CHICAGO : Khanim, Nida, Shagufta Muhammad Hanif, and Amina Siddiqua. 2024. "Molecular Characterization of Hospital and Livestock Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)." Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX (III): 29-38 doi: 10.31703/giidr.2024(IX-III).04

HARVARD

    HARVARD : KHANIM, N., HANIF, S. M. & SIDDIQUA, A. 2024. Molecular Characterization of Hospital and Livestock Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX, 29-38.

MHRA

    MHRA : Khanim, Nida, Shagufta Muhammad Hanif, and Amina Siddiqua. 2024. "Molecular Characterization of Hospital and Livestock Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)." Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX: 29-38

MLA

    MLA : Khanim, Nida, Shagufta Muhammad Hanif, and Amina Siddiqua. "Molecular Characterization of Hospital and Livestock Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)." Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX.III (2024): 29-38 Print.

OXFORD

    OXFORD : Khanim, Nida, Hanif, Shagufta Muhammad, and Siddiqua, Amina (2024), "Molecular Characterization of Hospital and Livestock Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)", Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX (III), 29-38

TURABIAN

    TURABIAN : Khanim, Nida, Shagufta Muhammad Hanif, and Amina Siddiqua. "Molecular Characterization of Hospital and Livestock Associated Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)." Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review IX, no. III (2024): 29-38. https://doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2024(IX-III).04