Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Lower Dir Pakistan
One of the most prevalent complications of type 2 diabetes mellites (T2DM) is cardiovascular disease (CVD) which is themajor cause of death. This study aims to assess the incidence and associated risk factors of CVD among T2DM patients at selected hospitals of Tehsil Adenzia, District Lower Dir. A structured questionnaire is designed for the collection of data from type 2 diabetic patients. A total of 1360 subjects are selected from the study area. Data is analyzed by Minitab version 19. The prevalence of CVD among T2DM is 20.04% in the selected sample. The logistic regression model is used to identify factors associated with CVD in diabetic patients. The model shows that higher age, duration of T2DM, and treatment taken are significant risk factors for CVD among T2DM patients.
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Cardiovascular disease, Type 2 diabetes mellitus, higher age, duration of T2DM, treatment type.
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(1) Zahid Khan
Lecturer, Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, KP, Pakistan.
(2) Usman Ullah
MPhil Scholar, School of Mathematics and Statistics, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Jiangsu, China.
(3) Ayesha Sultan
Lecturer, Department of Statistics, Virtual University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
(4) Uzma Iqbal
National College of Business Administration and Economics, Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan.
(5) Muhammad Rizwan
Undergraduate, Department of Statistics, University of Malakand, Chakdara, KP, Pakistan.
Cite this article
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APA : Khan, Z., Ullah, U., & Sultan, A. (2024). Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Lower Dir Pakistan. Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX(I), 28-33. https://doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2024(IX-I).04
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CHICAGO : Khan, Zahid, Usman Ullah, and Ayesha Sultan. 2024. "Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Lower Dir Pakistan." Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX (I): 28-33 doi: 10.31703/giidr.2024(IX-I).04
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HARVARD : KHAN, Z., ULLAH, U. & SULTAN, A. 2024. Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Lower Dir Pakistan. Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX, 28-33.
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MHRA : Khan, Zahid, Usman Ullah, and Ayesha Sultan. 2024. "Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Lower Dir Pakistan." Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX: 28-33
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MLA : Khan, Zahid, Usman Ullah, and Ayesha Sultan. "Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Lower Dir Pakistan." Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX.I (2024): 28-33 Print.
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OXFORD : Khan, Zahid, Ullah, Usman, and Sultan, Ayesha (2024), "Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Lower Dir Pakistan", Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review, IX (I), 28-33
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TURABIAN : Khan, Zahid, Usman Ullah, and Ayesha Sultan. "Prevalence and Associated Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Disease among Type 2 Diabetes Patients in Lower Dir Pakistan." Global Immunological & Infectious Diseases Review IX, no. I (2024): 28-33. https://doi.org/10.31703/giidr.2024(IX-I).04